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Acetylcholine Structure

Acetylcholine

Chemical Properties

Boiling point 265.84°C (rough estimate)
Density  1.0528 (rough estimate)
refractive index  1.4500 (estimate)
solubility  Water (easy), ethanol (easy), ether (not easy)
CAS DataBase Reference 51-84-3
EPA Substance Registry System Acetylcholine (51-84-3)

Safety Information

RIDADR  1760
HazardClass  8
PackingGroup  II
Toxicity The choline ester of acetic acid. ACh is released in vertebrates as the neurotransmitter for cholinergic neurons in the CNS, as well as at several peripheral locations: somatic neurons innervating skeletal muscle (neuromuscular junctions); preganglionic neurons in both divisions of the autonomic nervous system; parasympathetic postganglionic neurons; and a few sympathetic postganglionic neurons. ACh is synthesized from choline and acetyl CoA by the mitochondrial enzyme choline acetyltransferase. Cholinergic receptors (cholinoceptors), that mediate the effects of ACh, are generally classified as nicotinic or muscarinic, based on their binding preferences for nicotine and muscarine, respectively. ACh is hydrolyzed to choline and acetate by acetylcholinesterase, that is an important target for a variety of toxic and therapeutic anticholinesterases, such as the nerve agents, carbamate, and organophosphorus insecticides.

Usage And Synthesis

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