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7697-37-2

Name Nitric acid
CAS 7697-37-2
EINECS(EC#) 231-714-2
Molecular Formula HNO3
MDL Number MFCD00011349
Molecular Weight 63.01
MOL File 7697-37-2.mol

Chemical Properties

Appearance Nitric acid is a colorless to light brown fuming liquid with an acrid, suffocating odor. Fuming nitric acid is a reddish fuming liquid. Fumes in moist air. Often used in an aqueous solution. Fuming nitric acid is concentrated nitric acid that contains dissolved nitrogen dioxide. Nitric acid is a solution of nitrogen dioxide, NO2, in water and so-called fuming nitric acid contains an excess of NO2 and is yellow to brownish-red in color.
Melting point  -42 °C
Boiling point  120.5 °C(lit.)
density  1.41 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor density  1 (vs air)
vapor pressure  8 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Fp  120.5°C
storage temp.  2-8°C
solubility  Miscible with water.
form  Liquid, Double Sub-Boiling Quartz Distillation
pka -1.3(at 25℃)
color  colorless to deep yellow
Specific Gravity d 20/4 1.4826
Odor Suffocating fumes detectable at <5.0 ppm
PH 3.01(1 mM solution);2.04(10 mM solution);1.08(100 mM solution);
PH Range 1
Water Solubility  >100 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
Sensitive  Hygroscopic
Usage Nitric acid is an important material for the production of explosives. Concentrated nitric acid, usually mixed with sulfuric acid (mixed acid), is used for nitrating organic compounds. Product Data Sheet
Merck  14,6577
Dielectric constant 55.0(14℃)
Exposure limits TLV-TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, OSHA, and NIOSH); STEL 4 ppm (~10 mg/m3) (ACGIH).
LogP -0.773 (est)
Uses
This heavy, clear or slightly yellowish fluid is very poisonous and causes severe burns on contact with the skin. It was made by the distillation of an alkali-metal nitrate combined with sulfuric acid. The combination of nitric and sulfuric acids was used to convert plain cotton to cellulose nitrate. Nitric acid was used in the wet plate process as an additive to ferrous sulfate developers to promote a whiter image color for ambrotypes and ferrotypes. It was also added to lower the pH of the silver bath for collodion plates. Adding acid to the silver bath made collodion plates less sensitive to light, which had the beneficial effect of reducing the occurrence non-image fog.
CAS DataBase Reference 7697-37-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference Nitric acid(7697-37-2)
EPA Substance Registry System 7697-37-2(EPA Substance)

Safety Data

Hazard Codes  C,O
Risk Statements 
R8:Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
R35:Causes severe burns.
R34:Causes burns.
R20:Harmful by inhalation.
Safety Statements 
S23:Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapor/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer) .
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
RIDADR  UN 3264 8/PG 3
WGK Germany  1
RTECS  QU5900000
8
TSCA  Yes
HazardClass  8
PackingGroup  II
HS Code  28080000
Safety Profile
Poison by inhalation. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. A very dangerous fire hazard and very powerful oxidizing agent. Can react explosively with many reducing agents. Wdl react with water or steam to produce heat and toxic, corrosive, and flammable vapors.When heated to decomposition it emits hghly toxic fumes of NOx. See also NITRIC ACID.
Hazardous Substances Data 7697-37-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LC50 inhal (rat)
2500 ppm (1 h)
PEL (OSHA)
2 ppm (5 mg/m3)
TLV-TWA (ACGIH)
2 ppm (5.2 mg/m3)
STEL (ACGIH)
4 ppm (10 mg/m3)
IDLA 25 ppm

Hazard Information

Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)

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