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7440-66-6

Name ZINC
CAS 7440-66-6
EINECS(EC#) 231-592-0
Molecular Formula Zn
MDL Number MFCD00011291
Molecular Weight 65.39
MOL File 7440-66-6.mol

Chemical Properties

Appearance Zinc is a soft silvery colored metal; the dust is odorless and gray.
Melting point  420 °C(lit.)
Boiling point  907 °C(lit.)
density  7.14 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor pressure  1 mm Hg ( 487 °C)
Fp  1 °F
storage temp.  2-8°C
solubility  H2O: soluble
form  wire
color  Silvery-gray
Specific Gravity 7.14
Odor at 100.00?%. odorless
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with amines, cadmium, sulfur, chlorinated solvents, strong acids, strong bases. Air and moisture sensitive. Zinc powder is very flammable.
Resistivity 5.8 μΩ-cm, 20°C
Water Solubility  Soluble in water.
Sensitive  Air & Moisture Sensitive
Merck  14,10132
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 2 ppm; STEL 4 ppm
OSHA: TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3)
NIOSH: IDLH 25 ppm; TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3); STEL 4 ppm(10 mg/m3)
InChIKey HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
History Centuries before zinc was recognized as a distinct element, zinc ores were used for making brass. Tubal-Cain, seven generations from Adam, is mentioned as being an “instructor in every artificer in brass and iron.” An alloy containing 87% zinc has been found in prehistoric ruins in Transylvania. Metallic zinc was produced in the 13th century A.D. in India by reducing calamine with organic substances such as wool. The metal was rediscovered in Europe by Marggraf in 1746, who showed that it could be obtained by reducing calamine with charcoal. The principal ores of zinc are sphalerite or blende (sulfide), smithsonite (carbonate), calamine (silicate), and franklinite (zinc, manganese, iron oxide). Canada, Japan, Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands are suppliers of zinc ores. Zinc is also mined in Alaska, Tennessee, Missouri, and elsewhere in the U.S. Zinc can be obtained by roasting its ores to form the oxide and by reduction of the oxide with coal or carbon, with subsequent distillation of the metal. Other methods of extraction are possible. Naturally occurring zinc contains five stable isotopes. Twenty-five other unstable isotopes and isomers are recognized. Zinc is a bluish-white, lustrous metal. It is brittle at ordinary temperatures but malleable at 100 to 150°C. It is a fair conductor of electricity, and burns in air at high red heat with evolution of white clouds of the oxide. The metal is employed to form numerous alloys with other metals. Brass, nickel silver, typewriter metal, commercial bronze, spring brass, German silver, soft solder, and aluminum solder are some of the more important alloys. Large quantities of zinc are used to produce die castings, used extensively by the automotive, electrical, and hardware industries. An alloy called Prestal?, consisting of 78% zinc and 22% aluminum, is reported to be almost as strong as steel but as easy to mold as plastic. It is said to be so plastic that it can be molded into form by relatively inexpensive die casts made of ceramics and cement. It exhibits superplasticity. Zinc is also extensively used to galvanize other metals such as iron to prevent corrosion. Neither zinc nor zirconium is ferromagnetic; but ZrZn2 exhibits ferromagnetism at temperatures below 35 K. Zinc oxide is a unique and very useful material to modern civilization. It is widely used in the manufacture of paints, rubber products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, floor coverings, plastics, printing inks, soap, storage batteries, textiles, electrical equipment, and other products. It has unusual electrical, thermal, optical, and solid- state properties that have not yet been fully investigated. Lithopone, a mixture of zinc sulfide and barium sulfate, is an important pigment. Zinc sulfide is used in making luminous dials, X-ray and TV screens, and fluorescent lights. The chloride and chromate are also important compounds. Zinc is an essential element in the growth of human beings and animals. Tests show that zinc-deficient animals require 50% more food to gain the same weight as an animal supplied with sufficient zinc. Zinc is not considered to be toxic, but when freshly formed ZnO is inhaled a disorder known as the oxide shakes or zinc chills sometimes occurs. It is recommended that where zinc oxide is encountered good ventilation be provided. The commercial price of zinc in January 2002 was roughly 40¢/lb ($90 kg). Zinc metal with a purity of 99.9999% is priced at about $5/g.
Uses
zinc is described as an oligo element, trace element, or micro nutrient. Zinc is believed to accelerate wound healing. It is also considered an anti-oxidant, offering protection against uV radiation. It appears to favor the sulfur uptake in sulfurated amino acids and facilitates the incorporation of cysteine, an amino acid, into the skin. It also has a synergistic effect with vitamins A and e. Zinc is a component of more than 70 metal enzymes. It promotes collagen synthesis in the dermis and keratinization of the corneum layer. Zinc is useful for acne treatments because it lowers sebaceous secretion, and is also used in the treatment of psoriasis.
CAS DataBase Reference 7440-66-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference Zinc(7440-66-6)
EPA Substance Registry System 7440-66-6(EPA Substance)

Safety Data

Hazard Codes  N,F,Xi,Xn
Risk Statements 
R52/53:Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R50/53:Very Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R17:Spontaneously flammable in air.
R15:Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin .
R51/53:Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R36/37:Irritating to eyes and respiratory system .
R22:Harmful if swallowed.
R19:May form explosive peroxides.
Safety Statements 
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet .
S60:This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste .
S46:If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label .
S43:In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk add-Never use water) .
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing .
RIDADR  UN 3264 8/PG 3
WGK Germany  3
RTECS  ZH1400000
3
Autoignition Temperature 460 °C
TSCA  Yes
HazardClass  8
PackingGroup  III
HS Code  79011100
Safety Profile
Human systemic effects by ingestion: cough, dyspnea, and sweating. A human skin irritant. Pure zinc powder, dust, and fume are relatively nontoxic to humans by inhalation. The dfficulty arises from oxidation of zinc fumes immedately prior to inhalation or presence of impurities such as Cd, Sb, As, Pb. Inhalation may cause sweet taste, throat dryness, cough, weakness, generalized aches, chills, fever, nausea, vomiting. Flammable in the form of dust when exposed to heat or flame. May i p t e spontaneously in air when dry. Explosive in the form of dust when reacted with acids. Incompatible with NH4NO3, BaO2, Ba(NO3)2, Cd, CS2, chlorates, Cl2, ClF3, CrO3, (ethyl acetoacetate + tribromoneo- pentyl alcohol), F2, hydrazine mononitrate, hydroxylamine, Pb(N3)2, (Mg + Ba(NO3)2 + BaO2), MnCl2, HNO3, performic acid, KCLO3, KNO3, K2O2, Se, NaClO3, Na2O2, S, Te, H2O2 (NH4)2S, As2O3, CS2, CaCl2, NaOH, chlorinated rubber, catalytic metals, halocarbons, o-nitroanisole, nitrobenzene, nonmetals, oxidants, paint primer base, pentacarbonyliron, transition metal halides, seleninyl bromide. To fight fire, use special mixtures of dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of ZnO. See also ZINC COMPOUNDS.
Hazardous Substances Data 7440-66-6(Hazardous Substances Data)

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