461-72-3

White Solid

Reactant for synthesis of: N-benzyl aplysinopsin analogs as anticancer agents1 D-glutamic acid based inhibitors2 Antidiabetic chromonyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones3 GSK-3β inhibitors with brain permeability4 Thiazolidinedione derivatives as 15-PGDH inhibitors5 Radio-sensitizing agents6

ChEBI: Hydantoin is an imidazolidine-2,4-dione.

Control of generalized convulsive status epilepticus; prevention and treatment of seizures during neurosurgery; short-term substitute for oral phenytoin.

Hydantoins are a class of drugs mainly used to treat seizures (anticonvulsant or antiepileptic drugs). Hydantoins reduce seizures by targeting the sodium channel present throughout the nerves. Activation of sodium channels results in the conduction of electrical impulses and the release of neurotransmitters. It could stabilise neuronal membranes by decreasing sodium and calcium ion influx into the neurons. Also decreases post-tetanic potentiation and repetitive discharge.

Completely absorbed after IM administration. Protein binding: 95%–99%. Rapidly and completely hydrolyzed to phenytoin after IM or IV administration. Time of complete conversion to phenytoin: 4 hr after IM injection; 2 hr after IV infusion. Half-life: 8–15 min (for conversion to phenytoin).